Gerald L Shaheen

CIK 1159203 · View on SEC EDGAR ↗

Insider

First SEC filing: Jan. 5, 2009 · Latest: Jan. 5, 2009

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Insider at

Insider transactions

0 buys (P) 0 sells (S) Net: $0 + 100 non-open-market transactions below last 12 months, based on the transactions shown below

Price change vs current quote, split-adjusted for corporate actions since the filing — not benchmarked, not annualized, not size-weighted

No open-market trades on record; showing all filings.

Date Ticker Code Shares Price Value Owned after Δ own A/D vs now
April 30, 2020 AGCO F 1,136 $52.84 $60,026 14,538 Direct -7.25% Disposed 97.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 30, 2020 AGCO A 2,838 15,674 Direct +22.11% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 25, 2019 AGCO F 862 $69.62 $60,012 12,836 Direct -6.29% Disposed 49.7% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 25, 2019 AGCO A 2,154 13,698 Direct +18.66% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 26, 2018 AGCO F 766 $62.67 $48,005 11,544 Direct -6.22% Disposed 66.3% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 26, 2018 AGCO A 1,914 12,310 Direct +18.41% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 27, 2017 AGCO F 749 $64.12 $48,026 10,396 Direct -6.72% Disposed 62.5% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 27, 2017 AGCO A 1,871 11,145 Direct +20.17% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2016 F A 696 58,414 Direct +1.21% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2016 F A 1,507 127,070 Direct +1.20% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 1, 2016 F A 687 57,717 Direct +1.20% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 1, 2016 F A 1,484 125,562 Direct +1.20% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 1, 2016 F A 416 57,030 Direct +0.73% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 1, 2016 F A 1,393 124,077 Direct +1.14% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
May 19, 2016 F A 20,244 $13.09 $264,994 56,614 Direct +55.66% Acquired 9.6% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 28, 2016 AGCO F 900 $53.36 $48,024 9,274 Direct -8.85% Disposed 95.3% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 28, 2016 AGCO A 2,248 10,174 Direct +28.36% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 1, 2016 F A 1,078 36,370 Direct +3.05% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 1, 2016 F A 3,684 122,684 Direct +3.10% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2015 F A 359 35,291 Direct +1.03% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2015 F A 1,224 118,999 Direct +1.04% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 1, 2015 F A 377 34,931 Direct +1.09% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 1, 2015 F A 1,259 117,775 Direct +1.08% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 1, 2015 F A 168 34,553 Direct +0.49% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 1, 2015 F A 1,129 116,515 Direct +0.98% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
May 21, 2015 F A 17,085 $15.51 $264,988 34,384 Direct +98.76% Acquired -7.5% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 23, 2015 AGCO F 982 $48.87 $47,990 7,926 Direct -11.02% Disposed 113.3% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 23, 2015 AGCO A 2,455 8,908 Direct +38.04% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 2, 2015 F A 155 17,299 Direct +0.90% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 2, 2015 F A 1,039 115,385 Direct +0.91% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2014 F A 897 114,346 Direct +0.79% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 1, 2014 F A 134 17,144 Direct +0.79% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 2, 2014 F A 118 17,008 Direct +0.70% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 2, 2014 F A 802 113,448 Direct +0.71% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 2, 2014 F A 849 112,646 Direct +0.76% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
May 15, 2014 F A 16,890 $15.69 $265,004 16,890 Direct Acquired -8.5% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 24, 2014 AGCO F 838 $57.28 $48,001 6,453 Direct -11.49% Disposed 81.9% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 24, 2014 AGCO A 2,094 7,291 Direct +40.29% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 3, 2014 F A 913 111,796 Direct +0.82% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2013 F A 4,317 $15.34 $66,223 110,882 Direct +4.05% Acquired -6.5% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 2, 2013 F A 618 106,565 Direct +0.58% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2013 F A 3,932 $16.84 $66,215 105,946 Direct +3.85% Acquired -14.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 3, 2013 F A 619 102,013 Direct +0.61% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2013 F A 4,099 $15.55 $63,739 101,394 Direct +4.21% Acquired -7.7% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 3, 2013 F A 612 97,294 Direct +0.63% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 25, 2013 AGCO F 939 $51.14 $48,020 5,197 Direct -15.30% Disposed 103.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 25, 2013 AGCO A 2,346 6,136 Direct +61.90% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2013 F A 4,747 96,682 Direct +5.16% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 1, 2013 F A 725 91,935 Direct +0.79% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2012 F A 4,835 91,209 Direct +5.60% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 10, 2012 AGCO G 4,544 4,544 Indirect Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 10, 2012 AGCO G 4,544 3,790 Direct -54.52% Disposed (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 3, 2012 F A 372 86,374 Direct +0.43% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2012 F A 6,306 86,001 Direct +7.91% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 4, 2012 F A 420 79,695 Direct +0.53% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2012 F A 6,430 $9.72 $62,500 79,274 Direct +8.83% Acquired 47.6% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 1, 2012 F A 354 72,844 Direct +0.49% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 26, 2012 AGCO D 856 8,334 Direct -9.31% Disposed (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 26, 2012 AGCO A 2,139 9,190 Direct +30.34% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2012 F A 5,004 $12.49 $62,500 72,489 Direct +7.41% Acquired 14.9% (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 1, 2012 F A 266 67,485 Direct +0.40% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2011 F A 4,675 $10.70 $50,022 67,218 Direct +7.47% Acquired 34.1% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2011 F A 5,083 $9.84 $50,017 62,543 Direct +8.85% Acquired 45.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2011 F A 3,657 $13.67 $49,991 57,459 Direct +6.80% Acquired 5.0% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 21, 2011 AGCO D 736 7,051 Direct -9.45% Disposed (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 21, 2011 AGCO A 1,840 7,787 Direct +30.94% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2011 F A 3,371 $14.83 $49,992 53,802 Direct +6.68% Acquired -3.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2010 F A 1,793 $16.73 $29,997 50,430 Direct +3.69% Acquired -14.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2010 F A 2,433 $12.33 $29,999 48,636 Direct +5.27% Acquired 16.4% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2010 F A 2,918 $10.28 $29,997 46,203 Direct +6.74% Acquired 39.6% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 22, 2010 AGCO D 935 5,947 Direct -13.59% Disposed (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 22, 2010 AGCO A 2,338 6,882 Direct +51.45% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2010 F A 2,365 $12.68 $29,988 43,285 Direct +5.78% Acquired 13.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2009 F A 1,502 $9.99 $15,005 40,919 Direct +3.81% Acquired 43.6% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2009 F A 2,049 $7.32 $14,999 39,417 Direct +5.48% Acquired 96.0% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2009 F A 2,495 $6.01 $14,995 37,368 Direct +7.15% Acquired 138.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 23, 2009 AGCO D 1,525 4,544 Direct -25.13% Disposed (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 23, 2009 AGCO A 3,813 6,069 Direct +169.02% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2009 F A 5,454 $2.75 $14,998 34,872 Direct +18.54% Acquired 421.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2008 F A 11,111 $2.25 $25,000 29,417 Direct +60.70% Acquired 537.8% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 J 5,700 16,689 Direct +51.87% Acquired
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 J 16,689 0 Direct -100.00% Disposed
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 J 5,700 0 Direct -100.00% Disposed
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 J 9,148 $1.81 $16,558 39,943 Direct +29.71% Acquired
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 J 39,943 0 Direct -100.00% Disposed
Dec. 31, 2008 F A 10,917 $2.29 $25,000 29,223 Direct +59.64% Acquired 526.6% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Sept. 30, 2008 69970 J 9,408 $1.75 $16,464 30,795 Direct +43.99% Acquired
Sept. 30, 2008 F A 5,208 $4.80 $24,998 18,306 Direct +39.76% Acquired 199.0% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2008 F A 5,268 $4.75 $25,023 13,098 Direct +67.28% Acquired 202.1% (price as of 2026-08-21)
June 30, 2008 69970 J 3,444 $4.77 $16,428 21,387 Direct +19.19% Acquired
May 5, 2008 F A 1,209 $8.27 $9,998 7,829 Direct +18.26% Acquired 73.5% (price as of 2026-08-21)
April 29, 2008 69970 A 5,700 5,700 Direct Acquired
April 24, 2008 AGCO A 1,132 2,256 Direct +100.71% Acquired (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2008 F A 2,638 $5.69 $15,010 6,620 Direct +66.25% Acquired 152.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
March 31, 2008 69970 J 1,970 $9.95 $19,602 17,943 Direct +12.33% Acquired
Jan. 24, 2008 69970 J 2,000 0 Direct -100.00% Disposed
Jan. 24, 2008 69970 J 2,000 10,989 Direct +22.25% Acquired
Dec. 31, 2007 F A 2,238 $6.70 $14,995 3,981 Direct +128.40% Acquired 114.2% (price as of 2026-08-21)
Dec. 31, 2007 69970 J 1,351 $16.46 $22,237 15,973 Direct +9.24% Acquired
Oct. 1, 2007 69970 J 872 $25.09 $21,878 14,621 Direct +6.34% Acquired

Showing latest 100 of 174 transactions

P = Open-market purchase · S = Sale · A = Grant/award · M = Option exercise · G = Gift · F = Tax withholding

Insider transactions are not a recommendation; sales are often driven by liquidity or tax reasons.

Derivative holdings (Form 4 Table II)

Options, RSUs and convertible securities reported on Form 4 Table II.

Date Ticker Security Underlying Exercise price Expiration Shares A/D
Dec. 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (696) 696 Acquired
Dec. 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,507) 1,507 Acquired
Sept. 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (687) 687 Acquired
Sept. 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,484) 1,484 Acquired
June 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (416) 416 Acquired
June 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,393) 1,393 Acquired
May 19, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (20,244) 20,244 Acquired
March 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,078) 1,078 Acquired
March 1, 2016 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (3,684) 3,684 Acquired
Dec. 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (359) 359 Acquired
Dec. 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,224) 1,224 Acquired
Sept. 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (377) 377 Acquired
Sept. 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,259) 1,259 Acquired
June 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (168) 168 Acquired
June 1, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,129) 1,129 Acquired
May 21, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (17,085) 17,085 Acquired
March 2, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (155) 155 Acquired
March 2, 2015 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,039) 1,039 Acquired
Dec. 1, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (897) 897 Acquired
Dec. 1, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (134) 134 Acquired
Sept. 2, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (118) 118 Acquired
Sept. 2, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (802) 802 Acquired
June 2, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (849) 849 Acquired
May 15, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (16,890) 16,890 Acquired
March 3, 2014 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (913) 913 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (4,317) 4,317 Acquired
Dec. 2, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (618) 618 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (3,932) 3,932 Acquired
Sept. 3, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (619) 619 Acquired
June 30, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (4,099) 4,099 Acquired
June 3, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (612) 612 Acquired
March 31, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (4,747) 4,747 Acquired
March 1, 2013 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (725) 725 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (4,835) 4,835 Acquired
Dec. 3, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (372) 372 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (6,306) 6,306 Acquired
Sept. 4, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (420) 420 Acquired
June 30, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (6,430) 6,430 Acquired
June 1, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (354) 354 Acquired
March 31, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (5,004) 5,004 Acquired
March 1, 2012 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (266) 266 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2011 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (4,675) 4,675 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2011 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (5,083) 5,083 Acquired
June 30, 2011 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (3,657) 3,657 Acquired
March 31, 2011 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (3,371) 3,371 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2010 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,793) 1,793 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2010 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,433) 2,433 Acquired
June 30, 2010 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,918) 2,918 Acquired
March 31, 2010 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,365) 2,365 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2009 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,502) 1,502 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2009 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,049) 2,049 Acquired
June 30, 2009 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,495) 2,495 Acquired
March 31, 2009 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (5,454) 5,454 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value 11,111 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F3] Common Stock (9,148) 9,148 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2008 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F3] Common Stock (39,943) 39,943 Disposed
Dec. 31, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (10,917) 10,917 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2008 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (9,408) 9,408 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (5,208) 5,208 Acquired
June 30, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (5,268) 5,268 Acquired
June 30, 2008 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (3,444) 3,444 Acquired
May 5, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,209) 1,209 Acquired
March 31, 2008 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,638) 2,638 Acquired
March 31, 2008 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (1,970) 1,970 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2007 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (2,238) 2,238 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2007 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (1,351) 1,351 Acquired
Oct. 1, 2007 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (872) 872 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2007 F Ford Stock Units Common Stock, $0.01 par value (1,743) 1,743 Acquired
July 25, 2007 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (5,884) 865 Acquired
June 30, 2007 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (641) 641 Acquired
April 30, 2007 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (49,580) $72.62 49,580 Disposed
April 2, 2007 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock 555 Acquired
March 30, 2007 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common 302 Acquired
March 2, 2007 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (5,835) 5,835 Acquired
March 2, 2007 CAT Restricted Stock Units Common (4,832) 4,832 Acquired
March 2, 2007 CAT Stock Appreciation Right Common (109,516) $63.04 March 2, 2017 109,516 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2006 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock 1,040 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2006 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock 561 Acquired
June 30, 2006 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (487) 487 Acquired
March 31, 2006 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (500) 500 Acquired
March 3, 2006 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (6,155) 6,155 Acquired
March 1, 2006 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (5,202) $19.20 June 12, 2010 5,202 Disposed
March 1, 2006 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (3,208) $31.17 June 8, 2009 3,208 Disposed
Feb. 17, 2006 CAT Stock Appreciation Right Common (95,000) $72.05 Feb. 17, 2016 95,000 Acquired
Jan. 6, 2006 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (108,000) $26.76 June 12, 2011 108,000 Disposed
Jan. 6, 2006 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (38,132) $25.83 June 10, 2007 38,132 Disposed
Dec. 31, 2005 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (1,320) 1,320 Acquired
Oct. 28, 2005 AGCO Performance Rights Common Stock (10,000) Oct. 28, 2008 10,000 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2005 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (501) 501 Acquired
June 30, 2005 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (482) 482 Acquired
March 31, 2005 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (449) 449 Acquired
March 21, 2005 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (1,795) $55.69 June 9, 2008 1,795 Disposed
March 21, 2005 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (1,934) $51.66 June 10, 2007 1,934 Disposed
March 4, 2005 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (6,224) 6,224 Acquired
Feb. 18, 2005 CAT Phantom Stock Units Common (6,073) 6,073 Acquired
Feb. 18, 2005 CAT Option (NQ) [F2] Common (70,000) $91.28 Feb. 18, 2015 70,000 Acquired
Dec. 31, 2004 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (1,260) 1,260 Acquired
Sept. 30, 2004 69970 Director Deferred Compensation [F1] Common Stock (265) 265 Acquired
June 30, 2004 69970 Deferred Compensation Common Stock (427) $0.00 Jan. 1, 2004 427 Acquired
June 14, 2004 CAT Employee Stock Option [F2] Common (3,038) $32.91 June 11, 2006 3,038 Disposed

Showing latest 100 of 108 transactions

Exercise/conversion price is blank when not applicable (e.g. RSUs).

Initial ownership (Form 3) 3 holdings

Securities held when first becoming an insider, per SEC Form 3.

Date Ticker Security Shares Ownership
July 19, 2007 F No securities owned. 0 Direct
July 19, 2007 F No derivative securities owned.→ No securities owned. (0) 0 Direct
Oct. 31, 2005 AGCO Common Stock 0 Direct

Compensation (DEF 14A)

Matched by name from proxy statements (DEF 14A) — verify against the filing.

CAT

Fiscal year Salary Bonus Stock awards Option awards Non-equity incentive Pension change Other Total
2006 $721,248 $2,226,118 $1,633,854 $557,644 $99,411 $5,373,275
2004
2003

Figures from the Summary Compensation Table of the company's proxy statement (DEF 14A). Compensation is not a recommendation.