Joseph D Rupp
Insider
First SEC filing: Sept. 12, 2025 · Latest: Sept. 12, 2025
Insider at
Insider transactions
0 buys (P)
0 sells (S)
Net: $0
Price change vs current quote, split-adjusted for corporate actions since the filing — not benchmarked, not annualized, not size-weighted
| Date | Ticker | Code | Shares | Price | Value | Owned after | Δ own | A/D | vs now |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sept. 10, 2026 | CASS | A | 236 | $55.08 | $12,999 | 24,217 Direct | +0.98% | Acquired | -2.0% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 11, 2026 | CASS | A | 262 | $49.44 | $12,953 | 23,981 Direct | +1.10% | Acquired | 9.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 23, 2026 | CASS | A | 1,704 | $46.94 | $79,986 | 23,719 Direct | +7.74% | Acquired | 15.1% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 19, 2026 | CASS | A | 301 | $43.15 | $12,988 | 22,015 Direct | +1.39% | Acquired | 25.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 11, 2025 | CASS | A | 297 | $43.65 | $12,964 | 21,714 Direct | +1.39% | Acquired | 23.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 11, 2025 | CASS | A | 298 | $43.52 | $12,969 | 21,417 Direct | +1.41% | Acquired | 24.1% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 19, 2025 | CASS | A | 311 | $41.68 | $12,962 | 21,119 Direct | +1.49% | Acquired | 29.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 17, 2025 | CASS | A | 2,026 | $39.48 | $79,986 | 20,808 Direct | +10.79% | Acquired | 36.8% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 20, 2025 | CASS | A | 297 | $43.70 | $12,979 | 18,782 Direct | +1.61% | Acquired | 23.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 19, 2024 | CASS | A | 307 | $42.26 | $12,974 | 18,485 Direct | +1.69% | Acquired | 27.8% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 19, 2024 | CASS | A | 301 | $43.09 | $12,970 | 18,178 Direct | +1.68% | Acquired | 25.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 20, 2024 | CASS | A | 318 | $40.76 | $12,962 | 17,877 Direct | +1.81% | Acquired | 32.5% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 18, 2024 | CASS | A | 1,602 | $43.68 | $69,975 | 17,559 Direct | +10.04% | Acquired | 23.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 21, 2024 | CASS | A | 276 | $46.99 | $12,969 | 15,957 Direct | +1.76% | Acquired | 14.9% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 21, 2023 | CASS | A | 286 | $45.33 | $12,964 | 15,681 Direct | +1.86% | Acquired | 19.1% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 21, 2023 | CASS | A | 337 | $38.50 | $12,974 | 15,395 Direct | +2.24% | Acquired | 40.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 22, 2023 | CASS | A | 322 | $40.37 | $12,999 | 15,058 Direct | +2.19% | Acquired | 33.8% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 1, 2023 | NUE | A | 1,240 | · | · | 7,388 Direct | +20.17% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 20, 2023 | CASS | A | 1,595 | $37.61 | $59,988 | 14,736 Direct | +12.14% | Acquired | 43.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 23, 2023 | CASS | A | 290 | $44.73 | $12,972 | 13,141 Direct | +2.26% | Acquired | 20.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 22, 2022 | CASS | A | 296 | $43.91 | $12,997 | 12,851 Direct | +2.36% | Acquired | 23.0% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 22, 2022 | CASS | A | 374 | $34.75 | $12,996 | 12,555 Direct | +3.07% | Acquired | 55.4% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 23, 2022 | CASS | A | 369 | $33.82 | $12,480 | 12,181 Direct | +3.12% | Acquired | 59.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 1, 2022 | NUE | A | 1,262 | · | · | 6,148 Direct | +25.83% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| May 11, 2022 | OI | A | 10,802 | · | · | 55,125 Direct | +24.37% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 21, 2022 | CASS | A | 1,458 | $41.16 | $60,011 | 11,812 Direct | +14.08% | Acquired | 31.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 24, 2022 | CASS | A | 350 | $37.07 | $12,974 | 10,354 Direct | +3.50% | Acquired | 45.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 23, 2021 | CASS | A | 310 | $40.25 | $12,478 | 10,004 Direct | +3.20% | Acquired | 34.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 1, 2021 | NX | A | 4,797 | · | · | 42,276 Direct | +12.80% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 24, 2021 | CASS | A | 292 | $42.80 | $12,498 | 9,694 Direct | +3.11% | Acquired | 26.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Aug. 4, 2021 | CASS | A | 298 | $41.90 | $12,486 | 9,402 Direct | +3.27% | Acquired | 28.9% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 1, 2021 | NUE | A | 1,354 | · | · | 4,886 Direct | +38.34% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| May 12, 2021 | OI | A | 7,054 | · | · | 44,323 Direct | +18.93% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 22, 2021 | CASS | A | 1,215 | · | · | 9,104 Direct | +15.40% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 25, 2021 | CASS | A | 190 | $45.95 | $8,730 | 7,889 Direct | +2.47% | Acquired | 17.5% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 31, 2020 | CASS | A | 225 | $38.81 | $8,732 | 7,699 Direct | +3.01% | Acquired | 39.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 2, 2020 | NX | A | 4,118 | · | · | 37,479 Direct | +12.34% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 8, 2020 | NX | M | 6,390 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 8, 2020 | NX | S | 6,390 | $19.59 | $125,180 | 45,910 Direct | -12.22% | Disposed | -2.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 8, 2020 | NX | M | 6,390 | $18.02 | $115,148 | 52,300 Direct | +13.92% | Acquired | 6.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 24, 2020 | CASS | A | 233 | $37.47 | $8,731 | 7,474 Direct | +3.22% | Acquired | 44.1% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 25, 2020 | CASS | A | 228 | $38.23 | $8,716 | 7,241 Direct | +3.25% | Acquired | 41.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 1, 2020 | NUE | A | 3,532 | · | · | 3,532 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| May 13, 2020 | OI | A | 20,259 | · | · | 37,269 Direct | +119.10% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 23, 2020 | CASS | A | 1,019 | · | · | 7,013 Direct | +17.00% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 26, 2020 | CASS | A | 235 | $37.10 | $8,718 | 5,994 Direct | +4.08% | Acquired | 45.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 26, 2019 | CASS | A | 150 | $58.21 | $8,732 | 5,759 Direct | +2.67% | Acquired | -7.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 1, 2019 | NX | A | 4,221 | · | · | 33,361 Direct | +14.49% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 26, 2019 | CASS | A | 159 | $54.75 | $8,705 | 5,609 Direct | +2.92% | Acquired | -1.4% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 12, 2019 | NX | M | 5,489 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 12, 2019 | NX | M | 5,489 | $14.87 | $81,621 | 45,910 Direct | +13.58% | Acquired | 28.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 27, 2019 | CASS | A | 182 | $47.96 | $8,729 | 5,450 Direct | +3.45% | Acquired | 12.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| May 17, 2019 | OI | A | 7,200 | · | · | 17,010 Direct | +73.39% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 25, 2019 | CASS | A | 1,121 | · | · | 5,268 Direct | +27.03% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 28, 2019 | CASS | A | 170 | $47.25 | $8,032 | 4,147 Direct | +4.27% | Acquired | 14.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 27, 2018 | CASS | A | 158 | · | · | 3,977 Direct | +4.14% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 27, 2018 | NX | P | 15,000 | $13.06 | $195,900 | 40,421 Direct | +59.01% | Acquired | 46.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 26, 2018 | NX | P | 15,000 | $12.91 | $193,650 | 25,421 Direct | +143.94% | Acquired | 48.3% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 1, 2018 | NX | A | 5,184 | · | · | 29,140 Direct | +21.64% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 18, 2018 | NX | M | 10,421 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 18, 2018 | NX | M | 10,421 | $9.16 | $95,456 | 10,421 Direct | · | Acquired | 109.0% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 27, 2018 | CASS | A | 126 | · | · | 3,183 Direct | +4.12% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 28, 2018 | CASS | A | 117 | · | · | 3,057 Direct | +3.98% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| May 11, 2018 | OI | A | 9,810 | · | · | 9,810 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 26, 2018 | CASS | A | 862 | · | · | 2,940 Direct | +41.48% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 29, 2018 | CASS | A | 126 | · | · | 2,078 Direct | +6.45% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 15, 2018 | NX | M | 10,000 | · | · | 10,000 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 15, 2018 | NX | S | 10,000 | $17.71 | $177,100 | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | 8.1% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 15, 2018 | NX | M | 10,000 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 21, 2017 | CASS | A | 122 | · | · | 1,952 Direct | +6.67% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 1, 2017 | NX | A | 3,610 | · | · | 23,956 Direct | +17.74% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Sept. 27, 2017 | CASS | A | 118 | · | · | 1,664 Direct | +7.63% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| June 28, 2017 | CASS | A | 113 | · | · | 1,546 Direct | +7.89% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| April 25, 2017 | CASS | A | 758 | · | · | 1,433 Direct | +112.30% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| March 31, 2017 | CASS | A | 112 | · | · | 675 Direct | +19.89% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Dec. 22, 2016 | CASS | A | 101 | · | · | 563 Direct | +21.86% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | M | 179,250 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | F | 120,570 | $24.56 | $2,961,199 | 639,473 Direct | -15.86% | Disposed | -34.9% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | M | 179,250 | $16.52 | $2,961,210 | 760,043 Direct | +30.86% | Acquired | -3.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | M | 179,250 | · | · | 0 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | F | 120,570 | $24.56 | $2,961,199 | 639,473 Direct | -15.86% | Disposed | -34.9% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | M | 179,250 | $16.52 | $2,961,210 | 760,043 Direct | +30.86% | Acquired | -3.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 1, 2016 | NX | A | 4,912 | · | · | 20,346 Direct | +31.83% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 17, 2016 | CASS | A | 462 | · | · | 462 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Aug. 17, 2016 | OLN | A | 37,500 | · | · | 580,793 Direct | +6.90% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Feb. 18, 2016 | OLN | P | 70,000 | $14.26 | $998,200 | 543,293 Direct | +14.79% | Acquired | 12.2% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 2, 2015 | NX | A | 4,089 | · | · | 15,434 Direct | +36.04% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 5, 2015 | OLN | D | 107,225 | $20.15 | $2,160,584 | 473,293 Direct | -18.47% | Disposed | -20.6% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 5, 2015 | OLN | M | 107,225 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 5, 2015 | OLN | D | 107,225 | $19.95 | $2,139,139 | 473,293 Direct | -18.47% | Disposed | -19.8% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 5, 2015 | OLN | M | 107,225 | · | · | 580,518 Direct | +22.66% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Aug. 19, 2015 | OLN | A | 40,500 | · | · | 473,293 Direct | +9.36% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Feb. 13, 2015 | OLN | A | 218,250 | · | · | 218,250 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Feb. 13, 2015 | OLN | A | 83,000 | · | · | 83,000 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2014 | OLN | M | 102,250 | · | · | 0 Direct | -100.00% | Disposed | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2014 | OLN | F | 95,803 | $25.38 | $2,431,480 | 432,793 Direct | -18.12% | Disposed | -37.0% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Nov. 14, 2014 | OLN | M | 102,250 | $23.78 | $2,431,505 | 528,596 Direct | +23.98% | Acquired | -32.7% (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 31, 2014 | NX | A | 1,287 | · | · | 11,345 Direct | +12.80% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Oct. 31, 2014 | NX | A | 4,880 | · | · | 4,880 Direct | · | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
| Aug. 27, 2014 | OLN | A | 35,000 | · | · | 426,346 Direct | +8.94% | Acquired | (price as of 2026-10-05) |
Showing latest 100 of 145 transactions
P = Open-market purchase · S = Sale · A = Grant/award · M = Option exercise · G = Gift · F = Tax withholding
Insider transactions are not a recommendation; sales are often driven by liquidity or tax reasons.
Derivative holdings (Form 4 Table II) Options, RSUs and convertible securities reported on Form 4 Table II.
| Date | Ticker | Security | Underlying | Exercise price | Expiration | Shares | A/D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov. 1, 2021 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 4,797 | Acquired |
| Nov. 2, 2020 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 4,118 | Acquired |
| Oct. 8, 2020 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $18.02 | Oct. 29, 2020 | 6,390 | Disposed |
| Nov. 1, 2019 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 4,221 | Acquired |
| Sept. 12, 2019 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $14.87 | Oct. 30, 2019 | 5,489 | Disposed |
| Nov. 1, 2018 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 5,184 | Acquired |
| Oct. 18, 2018 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $9.16 | Oct. 31, 2018 | 10,421 | Disposed |
| March 15, 2018 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $15.02 | April 23, 2018 | 10,000 | Disposed |
| Nov. 1, 2017 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 3,610 | Acquired |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | Employee Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $16.52 | Feb. 13, 2017 | 179,250 | Disposed |
| Nov. 14, 2016 | OLN | Employee Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $16.52 | Feb. 13, 2017 | 179,250 | Acquired |
| Nov. 1, 2016 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 4,912 | Acquired |
| Nov. 2, 2015 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 4,089 | Acquired |
| Oct. 5, 2015 | OLN | Phantom Stock Units | Common Stock | · | Oct. 5, 2015 | 107,225 | Disposed |
| Feb. 13, 2015 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $27.40 | Feb. 12, 2025 | 218,250 | Acquired |
| Feb. 13, 2015 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $27.40 | Feb. 12, 2025 | 83,000 | Acquired |
| Nov. 14, 2014 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $23.78 | Feb. 9, 2015 | 102,250 | Disposed |
| Oct. 31, 2014 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,287 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2014 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $20.02 | Oct. 31, 2024 | 4,880 | Acquired |
| Feb. 10, 2014 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $25.57 | Feb. 9, 2024 | 180,000 | Acquired |
| Feb. 10, 2014 | OLN | Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $18.52 | Feb. 11, 2013 | 76,700 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2013 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,375 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2013 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $17.78 | Oct. 31, 2023 | 5,009 | Acquired |
| Feb. 11, 2013 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $23.28 | Feb. 10, 2023 | 184,000 | Acquired |
| Feb. 5, 2013 | OLN | Employee Stock Option Right to Buy | Common Stock | $15.35 | Feb. 12, 2013 | 75,000 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2012 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,272 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2012 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $19.77 | Oct. 31, 2022 | 5,987 | Acquired |
| Feb. 10, 2012 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $21.92 | Feb. 9, 2022 | 148,500 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2011 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $14.75 | Oct. 31, 2021 | 8,132 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2011 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,713 | Acquired |
| Feb. 11, 2011 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $18.78 | Feb. 10, 2021 | 169,000 | Acquired |
| Oct. 29, 2010 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $18.02 | Oct. 29, 2020 | 6,390 | Acquired |
| Oct. 29, 2010 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,398 | Acquired |
| Feb. 5, 2010 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $15.68 | Feb. 4, 2020 | 266,250 | Acquired |
| Oct. 30, 2009 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,571 | Acquired |
| Oct. 30, 2009 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $14.87 | Oct. 30, 2019 | 5,489 | Acquired |
| Oct. 30, 2009 | NX | Stock Options (Right to Buy) | Common Stock | $14.87 | Oct. 30, 2019 | 5,489 | Acquired |
| Oct. 30, 2009 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 1,571 | Acquired |
| Feb. 5, 2009 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $14.28 | Feb. 4, 2019 | 268,750 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2008 | NX | Restricted Stock Units | Common Stock | · | · | 2,729 | Acquired |
| Oct. 31, 2008 | NX | Stock Options (Right to buy) | Common Stock | $9.16 | Oct. 31, 2018 | 10,421 | Acquired |
| April 23, 2008 | NX | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $15.02 | April 23, 2018 | 10,000 | Acquired |
| April 23, 2008 | NX | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $15.02 | April 23, 2018 | 10,000 | Acquired |
| Feb. 7, 2008 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $20.29 | Feb. 6, 2018 | 170,250 | Acquired |
| Feb. 13, 2007 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $16.52 | Feb. 12, 2017 | 179,250 | Acquired |
| Feb. 9, 2006 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $20.68 | Feb. 8, 2016 | 157,000 | Acquired |
| April 26, 2005 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $17.16 | April 26, 2005 | 772 | Disposed |
| April 26, 2005 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $17.16 | April 26, 2005 | 3,671 | Disposed |
| Feb. 10, 2005 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $23.78 | Feb. 9, 2015 | 102,250 | Acquired |
| Feb. 12, 2004 | OLN | Employee Stock Option (right to buy) | Common Stock | $18.52 | Feb. 11, 2014 | 76,700 | Acquired |
Exercise/conversion price is blank when not applicable (e.g. RSUs).
Initial ownership (Form 3) 1 holding
Securities held when first becoming an insider, per SEC Form 3.
| Date | Ticker | Security | Shares | Ownership |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct. 20, 2016 | CASS | Common Stock | 0 | Direct |