REFR Research Frontiers Incorporated - Common Stock

NASDAQ · Electrical Equipment · View on SEC EDGAR ↗
$0.44
Price · Aug 18, 2026
Fundamentals as of Aug 6, 2026

REFR Stock Snapshot Price, market cap, P/E, EPS, ROE, debt/equity, 52-week range

Price
$0.44
Market Cap
P/E (TTM)
-21.8
EPS (TTM)
$-0.06
Revenue (TTM)
$1M
Div Yield
ROE
Debt/Equity
52W Range
$0 – $3

REFR Stock Price Chart Daily OHLCV with technical indicators — pan, zoom, and customize your view

10-Year Performance Revenue, net income, margins and EPS trends

Revenue & Net Income $1M
10-point trend, -9.3%
2016-12-31 2025-12-31
EPS $-0.06
4-point trend, +25.0%
2022-12-31 2025-12-31
Free Cash Flow
8-point trend, +80.3%
2016-12-31 2024-12-31
Margins

Valuation P/E, P/S, P/B, EV/EBITDA ratios — is the stock expensive or cheap?

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median
P/E (TTM)
4-point trend, +8.6%
-21.8
59.3

Profitability Gross, operating and net margins; ROE, ROA, ROIC

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median

Financial Health Debt, liquidity, solvency — balance sheet strength

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median

Growth Revenue, EPS and net income growth: YoY, 3Y CAGR, 5Y CAGR

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median
Revenue YoY
5-point trend, -11.2%
-16.0%
Revenue CAGR 3Y
5-point trend, -11.2%
27.6%
Revenue CAGR 5Y
5-point trend, -11.2%
6.2%

Per Share Metrics EPS, book value per share, cash flow per share, dividend per share

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median
EPS (Diluted)
4-point trend, +25.0%
$-0.06

Capital Efficiency Asset turnover, inventory turnover, receivables turnover

Metric
5Y trend
REFR
Peer Median

REFR Analyst Consensus Bullish and bearish analyst opinions, 12-month price target, upside

BUY 7 analysts
  • Strong Buy 2 28.6%
  • Buy 4 57.1%
  • Hold 1 14.3%
  • Sell 0 0.0%
  • Strong Sell 0 0.0%

Earnings History EPS actual vs estimate, surprise %, beat rate, next earnings date

Period EPS Actual EPS Est Surprise
March 31, 2026 $-0.02
June 30, 2025 $-0.02
Dec. 31, 2024 $-0.02
Sept. 30, 2024 $0.00
June 30, 2024 $0.00

Peer comparison (GICS sub-industry) Key metrics vs sector peers

Ticker Market Cap P/E Rev YoY Net Margin ROE Gross Margin
REFR -21.8 -16.0%
ASTC $10M -48.2 -41.2% -1385.0% -55.2% 47.5%
MSAI
VRME $8M -1.5 -32.3% -29.9% -38.6% 38.6%
KEYS $36.97B 37.3 8.0% 15.8% 15.5%

Full Fundamentals All metrics by year — income statement, balance sheet, cash flow

Income Statement 13
Annual Income Statement data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Revenue 12-point trend, -29.9% $1M $1M $909.6K $539.7K $1M $828.5K $2M $1M $2M $1M $2M $2M
R&D Expense 12-point trend, -62.5% $608.7K $570.0K $583.3K $609.1K $580.0K $628.3K $1M $863.4K $799.7K $1M $2M $2M
SG&A Expense 4-point trend, -29.3% · · · · · · · · $3M $4M $5M $4M
Operating Expenses 12-point trend, -46.2% $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $5M $4M $4M $6M $6M $6M
Operating Income 12-point trend, +52.1% $-2M $-1M $-2M $-3M $-2M $-3M $-3M $-2M $-2M $-4M $-4M $-4M
Interest Income 7-point trend, -2.0% · · · · · $34.5K $43.1K $10.1K $4.8K $29.5K $43.3K $35.2K
Pretax Income · · · · · · · · · · · $-4M
Net Income 12-point trend, +53.7% $-2M $-1M $-2M $-3M $-2M $-2M $-4M $-3M $-2M $-4M $-4M $-4M
EPS (Basic) 5-point trend, +0.0% $-0.06 $-0.04 $-0.06 $-0.08 $-0.06 · · · · · · ·
EPS (Diluted) 4-point trend, +25.0% $-0.06 $-0.04 $-0.06 $-0.08 · · · · · · · ·
Shares (Basic) 5-point trend, +6.3% 33,648,221 33,520,904 33,453,627 32,070,233 31,646,520 · · · · · · ·
Shares (Diluted) 4-point trend, +4.9% 33,648,221 33,520,904 33,453,627 32,070,233 · · · · · · · ·
EBITDA 10-point trend, +67.7% · $-1M · $-3M $-2M $-3M $-3M $-2M $-2M $-4M $-4M $-4M
Balance Sheet 20
Annual Balance Sheet data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Cash & Equivalents 12-point trend, -91.2% $664.3K $2M $2M $4M $270.0K $5M $7M $3M $2M $2M $6M $8M
Short-term Investments 4-point trend, +83.5% · · · · $3M · · · · $2M $2M $2M
Receivables 9-point trend, -65.2% $408.7K $658.2K $1M $589.6K · · · $689.7K $597.4K $1M $1M $1M
Prepaid Expense 12-point trend, -41.5% $71.0K $93.5K $96.8K $101.0K $92.9K $56.5K $58.8K $52.7K $29.7K $256.9K $133.5K $121.3K
Current Assets 12-point trend, -89.0% $1M $3M $4M $5M $4M $5M $7M $4M $2M $5M $9M $10M
PP&E (Net) 12-point trend, -99.5% $3.4K $15.1K $39.6K $65.4K $93.0K $121.8K $141.7K $313.2K $482.6K $651.7K $836.2K $660.2K
PP&E (Gross) 12-point trend, +16.3% $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $2M
Accum. Depreciation 12-point trend, +59.8% $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $3M $2M $2M $2M $2M $2M
Other Non-current Assets 12-point trend, +67.0% $56.1K $56.1K $56.1K $56.1K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K $33.6K
Total Assets 12-point trend, -82.1% $2M $4M $4M $5M $5M $6M $8M $4M $3M $5M $10M $13M
Accounts Payable 12-point trend, -16.7% $132.7K $85.8K $50.9K $71.1K $66.5K $33.4K $169.8K $133.5K $58.1K $29.9K $46.7K $159.3K
Accrued Liabilities 10-point trend, -94.1% $19.2K $53.3K $14.2K $34.4K $49.4K $26.3K · · $254.8K $339.3K $421.5K $323.4K
Current Liabilities 12-point trend, -38.3% $297.9K $269.0K $277.4K $301.9K $297.9K $226.1K $387.4K $457.7K $313.7K $369.3K $468.2K $482.7K
Capital Leases 7-point trend, +25.6% $1M $1M $55.4K $267.7K $464.1K $646.2K $812.6K · · · · ·
Total Liabilities 8-point trend, +37.4% $1M $1M $332.8K $569.6K $762.1K $872.3K $1M $959.1K · · · ·
Common Stock 12-point trend, +40.7% $3.4K $3.4K $3.4K $3.3K $3.2K $3.2K $3.1K $2.8K $2.4K $2.4K $2.4K $2.4K
Retained Earnings 12-point trend, -30.1% $-128M $-126M $-124M $-122M $-120M $-118M $-115M $-112M $-109M $-107M $-102M $-98M
Stockholders' Equity 12-point trend, -92.3% $933.6K $3M $4M $5M $4M $5M $7M $3M $3M $5M $9M $12M
Liabilities + Equity 12-point trend, -82.1% $2M $4M $4M $5M $5M $6M $8M $4M $3M $5M $10M $13M
Shares Outstanding 12-point trend, +40.6% 33,648,221 33,648,221 33,509,287 33,150,396 31,650,396 31,575,786 31,254,262 27,665,211 24,043,846 24,043,846 24,043,846 23,924,465
Cash Flow 9
Annual Cash Flow data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
D&A 12-point trend, -63.9% $11.5K $15.0K $14.7K $28.8K $29.9K $67.1K $195.4K $181.0K $175.6K $188.5K $140.2K $31.8K
Stock-based Comp 12-point trend, -64.1% $374.9K $89.3K $144.7K $232.3K $217.0K $327.6K $841.6K $69.3K $76.3K $67.5K $725.0K $1M
Other Non-cash 8-point trend, +2657.9% · $418.3K · · · $-306.5K $689.3K $364.7K $691.4K $-23.1K $-166.1K $15.2K
Operating Cash Flow 12-point trend, +60.0% $-1M $-788.8K $-2M $-2M $-2M $-2M $-2M $-2M $-1M $-4M $-4M $-3M
CapEx 12-point trend, -99.9% $726 $1.6K $1.6K $1.3K $1.1K $56.5K $65.3K $11.7K $6.5K $11.7K $316.2K $627.7K
Investing Cash Flow 11-point trend, -100.1% $-726 $-1.6K $55.6K $3M $-3M $-52.8K $-65.3K $-11.7K $2M $-15.3K $1M ·
Financing Cash Flow 8-point trend, -43.7% · $308.7K $484.5K $3M $86.3K $486.3K $6M $3M · · $548.5K ·
Net Change in Cash 12-point trend, -178.1% $-1M $-481.8K $-2M $4M $-5M $-2M $4M $1M $46.2K $-4M $-2M $2M
Free Cash Flow 10-point trend, +80.0% · $-790.4K · $-2M $-2M $-2M $-2M $-2M $-1M $-4M $-4M $-4M
Profitability 5
Annual Profitability data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Operating Margin 7-point trend, +68.7% · -108.0% · -486.4% -145.6% -311.1% · -162.4% -160.3% -345.3% · ·
Net Margin 7-point trend, +71.4% · -98.2% · -494.6% -146.2% -282.6% · -180.4% -160.0% -342.9% · ·
EBITDA Margin 7-point trend, +67.6% · -106.8% · -486.4% -145.6% -303.0% · -150.3% -148.6% -330.0% · ·
ROA 10-point trend, +7.4% · -33.2% · -53.9% -34.4% -32.4% -61.9% -77.4% -59.2% -57.2% -38.7% -35.9%
ROE 10-point trend, -31.2% · -48.3% · -52.5% -45.4% -41.8% -51.2% -78.7% -64.6% -60.6% -40.5% -36.9%
Liquidity & Solvency 2
Annual Liquidity & Solvency data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Current Ratio 10-point trend, -52.5% · 10.2 · 16.3 13.3 24.0 18.9 8.1 7.5 12.4 18.5 21.5
Quick Ratio 10-point trend, -53.6% · 9.9 · 14.0 10.2 21.1 17.0 8.0 7.4 11.7 18.2 21.2
Efficiency 2
Annual Efficiency data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Asset Turnover 7-point trend, +102.9% · 0.3 · 0.1 0.2 0.1 · 0.4 0.4 0.2 · ·
Receivables Turnover 4-point trend, +58.1% · 1.6 · · · · · 2.3 1.8 1.0 · ·
Per Share 5
Annual Per Share data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Book Value / Share 10-point trend, -84.7% · $0.08 · $0.14 $0.12 $0.17 $0.23 $0.11 $0.11 $0.20 $0.38 $0.51
Revenue / Share · $0.04 · · · · · · · · · ·
Cash Flow / Share · $-0.02 · · · · · · · · · ·
Cash / Share 10-point trend, -81.3% · $0.06 · $0.13 $0.01 $0.15 $0.21 $0.11 $0.07 $0.07 $0.24 $0.32
EPS (TTM) 4-point trend, +25.0% $-0.06 $-0.04 $-0.06 $-0.08 · · · · · · · ·
Growth Rates 3
Annual Growth Rates data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Revenue YoY 5-point trend, -130.6% -16.0% 46.8% 68.5% -57.3% 52.5% · · · · · · ·
Revenue CAGR 3Y 3-point trend, +773.4% 27.6% 1.9% 3.2% · · · · · · · · ·
Revenue CAGR 5Y 6.2% · · · · · · · · · · ·
Valuation (TTM) 10
Annual Valuation (TTM) data for REFR
Metric Trend 202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Revenue TTM 12-point trend, -29.9% $1M $1M $909.6K $539.7K $1M $828.5K $2M $1M $2M $1M $2M $2M
Net Income TTM 12-point trend, +53.7% $-2M $-1M $-2M $-3M $-2M $-2M $-4M $-3M $-2M $-4M $-4M $-4M
Market Cap 10-point trend, -53.0% · $58M · $63M $54M $89M $94M $43M $25M $44M $125M $122M
P/E 4-point trend, +8.6% -21.8 -42.8 -16.8 -23.9 · · · · · · · ·
P/S 10-point trend, -43.8% · 43.1 · 117.3 43.1 107.1 60.1 29.0 16.6 35.4 62.4 76.6
P/B 10-point trend, +117.9% · 22.1 · 13.2 14.4 16.7 13.3 13.9 9.7 8.9 13.8 10.1
P / Tangible Book 6-point trend, +183.5% 47.2 22.1 9.6 13.2 14.4 16.7 · · · · · ·
P / Cash Flow 10-point trend, -97.9% · -72.9 · -29.0 -30.2 -39.4 -45.2 -20.8 -17.0 -10.9 -35.0 -36.9
P / FCF 10-point trend, -134.8% · -72.8 · -29.0 -30.2 -38.4 -43.8 -20.7 -16.9 -10.9 -32.1 -31.0
Earnings Yield 4-point trend, -9.3% -4.6% -2.3% -5.9% -4.2% · · · · · · · ·

Financial Statements Income statement, balance sheet, cash flow — annual, last 5 years

Income Statement
2025-12-312024-12-312023-12-312022-12-312021-12-31
Revenue $1M$1M$909.6K$539.7K$1M
Operating Margin % -108.0%-486.4%-145.6%
Net Income $-2M$-1M$-2M$-3M$-2M
Diluted EPS $-0.06$-0.04$-0.06$-0.08
Balance Sheet
2025-12-312024-12-312023-12-312022-12-312021-12-31
Current Ratio 10.216.313.3
Quick Ratio 9.914.010.2
Cash Flow
2025-12-312024-12-312023-12-312022-12-312021-12-31
Free Cash Flow $-790.4K$-2M$-2M

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Institutional owners (13F) 38 filers · $4.3M total · As of June 30, 2026

Institutions that report holding this stock in their quarterly SEC Form 13F. Long positions only; a single filer may appear twice for separate option legs. Large offsetting put/call legs typically reflect market-making or hedged inventory, not directional conviction.

Institutional activity — Q2 2026 vs prior quarter
New positions Exited positions Increased Decreased Net shares change
9 (+3 vs prior Q) 5 (-3 vs prior Q) 4 (-2 vs prior Q) 6 (-1 vs prior Q) +1.2M

Compared to Q1 2026. SEC Form 13F filings are due within 45 days of quarter-end plus a short buffer for late filers — quarters still inside that window are skipped in favor of the most recent fully-reported pair.

Institution Value Shares % of tracked 13F Type
WR Wealth Planners, LLC $1,625,283 950,458 38.19% Shares
VANGUARD GROUP INC $768,107 586,341 18.05% Shares
MGO ONE SEVEN LLC $461,033 886,602 10.83% Shares
VANGUARD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC $301,940 580,654 7.09% Shares
BlackRock, Inc. $276,402 531,542 6.49% Shares
Focus Partners Wealth $258,139 496,422 6.07% Shares
GEODE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC $130,491 250,852 3.07% Shares
VANGUARD FIDUCIARY TRUST CO $92,056 177,030 2.16% Shares
STATE STREET CORP $54,924 105,623 1.29% Shares
SHUFRO ROSE & CO LLC $50,700 97,500 1.19% Shares
Kingsview Wealth Management, LLC $41,354 44,950 0.97% Shares
SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL GROUP, LLP $27,393 52,678 0.64% Shares
NORTHERN TRUST CORP $27,368 52,630 0.64% Shares
RENAISSANCE TECHNOLOGIES LLC $21,210 40,789 0.50% Shares
TCTC Holdings, LLC $10,400 20,000 0.24% Shares
HM PAYSON & CO $10,400 20,000 0.24% Shares
FreeGulliver LLC $10,400 20,000 0.24% Shares
Farrell Financial LLC $9,432 10,457 0.22% Shares
XTX Topco Ltd $9,102 17,504 0.21% Shares
CGN Advisors LLC $7,462 14,350 0.18% Shares
Focus Partners Advisor Solutions, LLC $7,327 14,091 0.17% Shares
MERCER GLOBAL ADVISORS INC /ADV $7,280 14,000 0.17% Shares
Schonfeld Strategic Advisors LLC $7,205 13,857 0.17% Shares
CITADEL ADVISORS LLC $6,864 13,200 0.16% Call option
GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC $6,012 11,561 0.14% Shares
Vanguard Global Advisers, LLC $5,776 11,108 0.14% Shares
HB Wealth Management, LLC $5,200 10,000 0.12% Shares
Tower Research Capital LLC (TRC) $4,792 9,215 0.11% Shares
JANE STREET GROUP, LLC $3,496 6,723 0.08% Shares
MGO ONE SEVEN LLC $2,600 5,000 0.06% Call option
OSAIC HOLDINGS, INC. $2,080 4,000 0.05% Shares
MORGAN STANLEY $2,046 3,935 0.05% Shares
EVOLUTION WEALTH MANAGEMENT INC. $780 1,500 0.02% Shares
UBS Group AG $719 1,382 0.02% Shares
RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC $260 500 0.01% Shares
BARCLAYS PLC $80 154 0.00% Shares
JPMORGAN CHASE & CO $23 42 0.00% Shares
SBI Securities Co., Ltd. $3 5 0.00% Shares

Company insiders 14 insiders · 5 officers · 11 directors

Insider Role Last activity Shares owned Buys 12m Sells 12m Net 12m
Joseph M Harary President and CEO Dec. 31, 2015 A 399,944 0 0 $0
Seth Van Voorhees CFO & VP-Business Development Dec. 31, 2015 A 134,900 0 0 $0
Steven Michael Slovak Vice President-Technology Dec. 31, 2015 A 45,800 0 0 $0
Michael R Lapointe VP-Marketing Dec. 31, 2015 A 38,661 0 0 $0
Robert L Saxe Chairman of the Board Dec. 31, 2015 A 57,194 0 0 $0
Alexander Kaganowicz Director Dec. 31, 2015 A 137,923 0 0 $0
Darryl Daigle Director Dec. 31, 2015 A 125,000 0 0 $0
Grimes George Gregory Director Dec. 31, 2015 A 137,923 0 0 $0
Jack Derby Director Jan. 1, 2013 A 50,200 0 0 $0
Marion Philip Guthrie Director Jan. 1, 2013 A 91,200 0 0 $0
Victor F Keen Director Jan. 1, 2013 A 311,939 0 0 $0
Richard James Hermon-Taylor Director Jan. 1, 2012 A 76,925 0 0 $0
Robert M Budin Director Jan. 1, 2009 A 52,177 0 0 $0
Albert P Malvino Director Dec. 4, 2007 G 119,800 0 0 $0

Insiders from SEC Form 3/4/5 filings; net = open-market P/S only

ETF ownership Held by 2 ETFs

Weight reflects direct equity holdings (N-PORT) only; leveraged or derivative-based funds may hold additional swap exposure not shown.

Fund Weight Units As of Source
VXF · VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS 0.00% 282,644 SH Aug. 8, 2026 Daily
VTI · VANGUARD INDEX FUNDS 0.00% 288,587 SH Aug. 8, 2026 Daily