COCHW 주식 스냅샷
가격, 시가총액, P/E, EPS, ROE, 부채/자본, 52주 범위
03
가격$0.04
P/E (TTM)-0.1
EPS (TTM)$-0.77
매출 (TTM)$207.0K
ROE (TTM)176.2%
52주 범위$0–$0
COCHW 주가 차트
기술 지표가 포함된 일일 OHLCV — 팬, 확대/축소 및 보기 사용자 정의
04
범위
막대
막대 세분성은 선택한 기간에 따라 조정됩니다. 막대의 시가/고가/저가/종가를 보려면 차트에 마우스를 올리세요.
10년 성과
매출, 순이익, 마진 및 EPS 추세
06
매출$241.0K2022-12-31 → 2025-12-31
EPS$-1.232022-12-31 → 2025-12-31
잉여현금흐름·2023-12-31 → 2024-12-31
순이익률-11304.8%2023-12-31 → 2024-12-31
가치 평가 및 비율07–12
가치 평가
P/E, P/S, P/B, EV/EBITDA 비율 — 주식이 비싼가요, 싼가요?
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
P/E (TTM)
-0.1
·
·
·
동종 기업 중앙값은 지표별로 표준화된 기준으로 계산되며, 이 주식에 표시된 TTM/MRQ 기준과 항상 일치하지 않을 수 있습니다.
수익성
총, 영업 및 순이익률; ROE, ROA, ROIC
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
영업이익률 (TTM)
-11411.1%
·
·
·
순이익률 (TTM)
-11304.8%
·
·
·
ROA (TTM)
-138.3%5년 평균 ≈-198.1%
≈-198.1%
·
·
ROE (TTM)
176.2%5년 평균 ≈-488.6%
≈-488.6%
·
·
재무 건전성
부채, 유동성, 지급능력 — 대차대조표 건전성
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
유동비율 (MRQ)
1.75년 평균 ≈0.7
≈0.7
·
·
성장
매출, EPS 및 순이익 성장률: YoY, 3년 CAGR, 5년 CAGR
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
Revenue YoY (매출 YoY)
7.1%5년 평균 ≈3.9%
≈3.9%
·
·
Revenue CAGR 3Y (매출 CAGR 3년)
0.56%
·
·
·
주당 지표
EPS, 주당 순자산, 주당 현금 흐름, 주당 배당금
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
EPS (Diluted) (EPS (희석))
$-1.235년 평균 ≈$-1.71
≈$-1.71
·
·
자본 효율성
자산 회전율, 재고 회전율, 매출채권 회전율
지표
5년 추세
COCHW
5년 평균
동종업계 중앙값
결론
Revenue / Employee (연간 매출액 ÷ 직원 수(yfinance 보고 인원수). 파생 — 저장된 SEC-XBRL 개념이 아님.)
≈$5.6K
·
·
·
가치 · ≈ 5년 평균 · 산업 중앙값 · 중앙값 대비 평가
전체 기본 지표
연도별 모든 지표 — 손익계산서, 대차대조표, 현금흐름
15
손익계산서15
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Revenue
$241.0K
$225.0K
$316.0K
$237.0K
Cost of Revenue
$874.0K
$742.0K
$789.0K
$498.0K
R&D Expense
$12M
$10M
$9M
$5M
SG&A Expense
$8M
$7M
$7M
$3M
Operating Expenses
$23M
$19M
$19M
$9M
Operating Income
$-22M
$-19M
$-18M
$-9M
Interest Income
·
·
·
$6M
Other Non-op
$-23.0K
$-26.0K
$54.0K
$-127.0K
Pretax Income
$-24M
$-21M
·
$21M
Net Income
$-24M
$-21M
$-30M
$-16M
EPS (Basic)
$-1.23
$-1.49
$-2.54
$-1.57
EPS (Diluted)
$-1.23
$-1.49
$-2.54
$-1.57
Shares (Basic)
23,259,598
18,790,448
12,295,391
10,123,169
Shares (Diluted)
23,259,598
18,790,448
12,295,391
10,123,169
EBITDA
·
$-19M
$-18M
$-5M
대차대조표21
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Cash & Equivalents
$4M
$5M
$4M
$183.0K
Receivables
$34.0K
$38.0K
$70.0K
$41.0K
Inventory
$2M
$2M
$1M
$1M
Prepaid Expense
$941.0K
$887.0K
$2M
$129.0K
Current Assets
$6M
$9M
$7M
$2M
PP&E (Net)
$1M
$1M
$351.0K
$331.0K
PP&E (Gross)
$6M
$6M
$5M
·
Accum. Depreciation
$5M
$5M
$5M
·
Total Assets
$9M
$12M
$8M
$3M
Accounts Payable
$3M
$2M
$2M
$1M
Accrued Liabilities
$8M
$4M
$5M
$608.0K
Current Liabilities
$12M
$8M
$7M
$3M
Other Non-current Liabilities
$27.0K
$891.0K
·
$127.0K
Total Liabilities
$20M
$30M
$10M
$39M
Common Stock
$3.0K
$2.0K
·
·
Paid-in Capital
$301M
$266M
$256M
$190M
Retained Earnings
$-313M
$-285M
$-257M
$-226M
AOCI
$-120.0K
$-123.0K
$-118.0K
$-115.0K
Stockholders' Equity
$-12M
$-19M
$-2M
$-36M
Liabilities + Equity
$9M
$12M
$8M
$3M
Shares Outstanding
·
21,326,609
18,599,982
·
현금 흐름10
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Stock-based Comp
$657.0K
$562.0K
$2M
·
Deferred Tax
·
$3M
$6M
$645.0K
Operating Cash Flow
$-18M
$-18M
$-17M
$-9M
CapEx
$179.0K
$980.0K
$153.0K
$218.0K
Investing Cash Flow
$-179.0K
$-980.0K
$-153.0K
$-218.0K
Stock Issued
$414.0K
·
$109.0K
·
Dividends Paid
$2M
$2M
·
·
Financing Cash Flow
$17M
$20M
$21M
$8M
Net Change in Cash
$-2M
$1M
$4M
$-938.0K
Free Cash Flow
·
$-19M
$-18M
·
수익성6
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Operating Margin
·
-8558.2%
-5813.6%
·
Net Margin
·
-9242.2%
-9464.6%
·
EBITDA Margin
·
-8558.2%
-5813.6%
·
ROA
·
-210.0%
-586.7%
4.5%
ROE
·
111.2%
-1978.0%
-88.5%
ROIC
·
·
·
25.3%
유동성 및 지급능력2
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Current Ratio
·
1.2
1.0
0.0
Quick Ratio
·
0.7
0.6
0.0
효율성3
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Asset Turnover
·
0.0
0.1
·
Inventory Turnover
·
0.5
0.6
·
Receivables Turnover
·
4.2
5.7
·
주당5
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Book Value / Share
·
·
$-0.09
·
Revenue / Share
·
$0.01
$0.03
·
Cash Flow / Share
·
$-0.96
$-1.41
·
Cash / Share
·
·
$0.22
·
EPS (TTM)
$-1.23
$-1.49
$-2.54
$-1.57
성장률2
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Revenue YoY
7.1%
-28.8%
33.3%
·
Revenue CAGR 3Y
0.56%
·
·
·
가치 평가 (TTM)4
지표
추세
2025
2024
2023
2022
Revenue TTM
$241.0K
$225.0K
$316.0K
$237.0K
Net Income TTM
$-24M
$-21M
$-30M
$-16M
Payout Ratio
·
-11.8%
·
·
Annual Payout
$2M
$2M
·
·
손익계산서16
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Revenue
$51.0K
$39.0K
$75.0K
$42.0K
$78.0K
$46.0K
$42.0K
$56.0K
$68.0K
$59.0K
$95.0K
$80.0K
$63.0K
$78.0K
$20.0K
$57.0K
Cost of Revenue
$278.0K
$313.0K
$211.0K
$203.0K
$234.0K
$226.0K
$157.0K
$187.0K
$245.0K
$153.0K
$263.0K
$189.0K
$162.0K
$175.0K
$151.0K
$106.0K
R&D Expense
$3M
$4M
$5M
$3M
$2M
$3M
$2M
$3M
$3M
$2M
$3M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$1M
$935.0K
SG&A Expense
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$1M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$3M
$1M
$2M
$1M
$447.0K
$812.0K
Operating Expenses
$6M
$6M
$6M
$6M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$7M
$3M
$5M
$4M
$3M
$2M
Operating Income
$-6M
$-6M
$-6M
$-6M
$-5M
$-5M
$-5M
$-5M
$-5M
$-5M
$-7M
$-3M
$-4M
$-4M
$-5M
$-2M
Interest Income
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$528.3K
$3M
·
$2M
Other Non-op
$166.0K
$6.0K
$-16.0K
$5.0K
$-1.0K
$-11.0K
$-17.0K
$13.0K
$-8.0K
$-14.0K
$113.0K
$46.0K
·
$-9M
$-8.0K
$-117.0K
Pretax Income
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$-1M
$2M
·
$6M
Income Tax
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$121.2K
$841.5K
·
$534.0K
Net Income
$-6M
$-4M
$-7M
$-6M
$-6M
$-5M
$-5M
$-6M
$-4M
$-6M
$-5M
$2M
$-13M
$-13M
$-11M
$-1M
EPS (Basic)
$-0.07
$-0.08
$-0.27
$-0.35
$-0.32
$-0.29
$-0.40
$-0.39
$-0.29
$-0.41
$-0.05
$0.13
$-1.31
$-1.31
$-1.13
$-0.13
EPS (Diluted)
$-0.07
$-0.08
$-0.27
$-0.35
$-0.32
$-0.29
$-0.40
$-0.39
$-0.29
$-0.41
$-0.05
$0.13
$-1.31
$-1.31
$-1.13
$-0.13
Shares (Basic)
104,039,109
68,934,960
·
21,851,606
21,383,852
21,326,609
·
18,616,362
18,599,982
18,599,982
·
10,214,183
10,122,581
10,122,581
·
10,123,187
Shares (Diluted)
104,039,109
68,934,960
·
21,851,606
21,383,852
21,326,609
·
18,616,362
18,599,982
18,599,982
·
11,215,068
10,122,581
10,122,581
·
10,123,187
EBITDA
$-6M
$-6M
·
$-6M
$-5M
$-5M
·
$-5M
$-5M
$-5M
·
$-3M
$-98.6K
$-2M
·
$-1M
대차대조표22
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Cash & Equivalents
$20M
$25M
$4M
$4M
$5M
$5M
·
$4M
$2M
$5M
$4M
$7M
$132.8K
$104.0K
$183.0K
$302.0K
Receivables
$49.0K
$31.0K
$34.0K
$35.0K
$43.0K
$42.0K
$38.0K
$197.0K
$174.0K
$189.0K
$70.0K
$109.0K
·
·
$41.0K
·
Inventory
$2M
$1M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$1M
$1M
$1M
·
·
$1M
·
Prepaid Expense
$593.0K
$893.0K
$941.0K
$508.0K
$576.0K
$1M
$887.0K
$842.0K
$1M
$1M
$2M
$997.0K
$264.9K
$412.9K
$129.0K
$288.2K
Current Assets
$22M
$28M
$6M
$6M
$8M
$8M
$9M
$7M
$5M
$8M
$7M
$20M
$397.7K
$516.9K
$2M
$590.2K
PP&E (Net)
$921.0K
$962.0K
$1M
$1M
$1M
$1M
$1M
$1M
$632.0K
$317.0K
$351.0K
$378.0K
·
·
$331.0K
·
PP&E (Gross)
$6M
$6M
$6M
$6M
$6M
$6M
$6M
·
·
·
$5M
·
·
·
·
·
Accum. Depreciation
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
$5M
·
·
·
$5M
·
·
·
·
·
Intangibles
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$10M
·
·
·
·
Total Assets
$24M
$30M
$9M
$8M
$10M
$10M
$12M
$9M
$7M
$8M
$8M
$21M
$45M
$46M
$3M
$428M
Accounts Payable
$2M
$2M
$3M
$3M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$2M
$913.0K
$2M
$3M
$1M
$2M
$1M
$1M
Accrued Liabilities
$10M
$10M
$8M
$6M
$5M
$5M
$4M
$7M
$6M
$6M
$5M
$4M
$5M
$6M
$608.0K
$3M
Current Liabilities
$13M
$12M
$12M
$9M
$8M
$8M
$8M
$9M
$8M
$7M
$7M
$13M
$9M
$9M
$3M
$6M
Other Non-current Liabilities
$27.0K
$27.0K
$27.0K
$891.0K
$891.0K
$891.0K
$891.0K
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Total Liabilities
$20M
$19M
$20M
$16M
$40M
$35M
$30M
$28M
$19M
$16M
$10M
$16M
$21M
$21M
$39M
$18M
Common Stock
$8.0K
$8.0K
$3.0K
$2.0K
$2.0K
$2.0K
$2.0K
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Paid-in Capital
$330M
$329M
$301M
$298M
$268M
$267M
$266M
$259M
$258M
$258M
$256M
$256M
·
·
$190M
·
Retained Earnings
$-326M
$-319M
$-313M
$-306M
$-298M
$-291M
$-285M
$-278M
$-270M
$-265M
$-257M
$-251M
$-21M
$-19M
$-226M
$-17M
AOCI
$-122.0K
$-121.0K
$-120.0K
$-120.0K
$-119.0K
$-117.0K
$-123.0K
$-121.0K
$-120.0K
$-119.0K
$-118.0K
$-116.0K
·
·
$-115.0K
·
Stockholders' Equity
$3M
$10M
$-12M
$-8M
$-30M
$-24M
$-19M
$-19M
$-12M
$-7M
$-2M
$5M
$-21M
$-19M
$-36M
$-17M
Liabilities + Equity
$24M
$30M
$9M
$8M
$10M
$10M
$12M
$9M
$7M
$8M
$8M
$21M
$45M
$46M
$3M
$428M
Shares Outstanding
·
·
·
·
21,520,932
21,326,609
·
·
·
·
·
19,549,982
·
·
·
·
현금 흐름11
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Stock-based Comp
$214.0K
$239.0K
$179.0K
$172.0K
$146.0K
$160.0K
$153.0K
$144.0K
$142.0K
$123.0K
·
·
·
·
·
·
Operating Cash Flow
$-5M
$-6M
$-6M
$-4M
$-4M
$-4M
$-5M
$-2M
$-4M
$-6M
$-11M
$-3M
$-5M
$-3M
$-2M
$-5M
CapEx
·
·
$172.0K
$0
$1.0K
$6.0K
$-534.0K
$1M
·
·
$21.0K
$62.0K
$11.0K
$59.0K
$41.0K
·
Investing Cash Flow
·
·
$-172.0K
$0
$-1.0K
$-6.0K
$534.0K
$-615.0K
$-790.0K
$-109.0K
$-21.0K
$-389M
$-389M
$-59.0K
$-41.0K
·
Stock Issued
$0
$30M
$0
$210.0K
·
·
·
$0
$0
$2M
·
·
·
·
·
·
Net Stock Activity
·
$30M
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$2M
·
·
·
·
·
·
Dividends Paid
·
·
$-1.0K
$0
$607.0K
$1M
$614.0K
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Financing Cash Flow
$-109.0K
$28M
$6M
$3M
$4M
$4M
$6M
$5M
$2M
$6M
$-1M
$409M
$394M
$4M
$2M
$5M
Net Change in Cash
$-6M
$22M
$183.0K
$-2M
$-25.0K
$-171.0K
$1M
$3M
$-3M
$727.0K
$-13M
$17M
$-111.2K
$931.0K
$-426.0K
$-839.1K
Taxes Paid
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
$318.5K
·
·
·
Free Cash Flow
·
·
·
·
·
$-4M
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
수익성6
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Operating Margin
-10919.6%
-15279.5%
·
-13590.5%
-6500.0%
-11102.2%
·
-8882.1%
-7147.1%
-8301.7%
·
-4231.2%
·
·
·
·
Net Margin
-11729.4%
-11156.4%
·
-15433.3%
-7294.9%
-10865.2%
·
-10642.9%
-5804.4%
-10627.1%
·
1953.8%
·
·
·
·
EBITDA Margin
-10919.6%
-15279.5%
·
-13590.5%
-6500.0%
-11102.2%
·
-8882.1%
-7147.1%
-8301.7%
·
-4231.2%
·
·
·
·
ROA
-35.4%
-21.6%
·
-73.8%
-68.4%
-53.0%
·
-38.9%
-15.2%
-23.1%
·
0.70%
-0.48%
0.30%
·
1.3%
ROE
45.1%
61.9%
·
49.5%
26.9%
31.6%
·
86.7%
23.8%
47.1%
·
-24.9%
5.4%
-3.3%
·
-22.7%
ROIC
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
0.53%
6.0%
·
5.4%
유동성 및 지급능력2
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Current Ratio
1.7
2.3
·
0.6
0.9
1.1
·
0.8
0.6
1.1
·
1.6
0.0
0.1
·
0.1
Quick Ratio
1.6
2.1
·
0.4
0.7
0.7
·
0.5
0.2
0.7
·
0.6
0.0
0.0
·
0.1
효율성3
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Asset Turnover
0.0
0.0
·
0.0
0.0
0.0
·
0.0
0.0
0.0
·
0.0
·
·
·
·
Inventory Turnover
0.2
0.2
·
0.1
0.1
0.1
·
0.1
0.3
0.2
·
0.3
·
·
·
·
Receivables Turnover
1.1
1.1
·
0.4
0.7
0.4
·
0.4
0.8
0.6
·
1.5
·
·
·
·
주당5
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Book Value / Share
·
·
·
·
$-1.39
$-1.14
·
·
·
·
·
$0.24
·
·
·
·
Revenue / Share
$0.00
$0.00
·
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
·
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
·
$0.01
·
·
·
·
Cash Flow / Share
·
$-0.09
·
·
·
$-0.17
·
·
·
$-0.30
·
·
·
·
·
·
Cash / Share
·
·
·
·
$0.25
$0.25
·
·
·
·
·
$0.38
·
·
·
·
EPS (TTM)
$-0.77
$-1.02
·
$-1.36
$-1.40
$-1.37
·
$-1.14
$-0.62
$-1.64
·
$-3.62
$-3.88
·
·
·
가치 평가 (TTM)6
지표
추세
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q4 2025
Q3 2025
Q2 2025
Q1 2025
Q4 2024
Q3 2024
Q2 2024
Q1 2024
Q4 2023
Q3 2023
Q2 2023
Q1 2023
Q4 2022
Q3 2022
Revenue TTM
$207.0K
$234.0K
·
$208.0K
$222.0K
$212.0K
·
$278.0K
$302.0K
$297.0K
·
$241.0K
$218.0K
·
·
·
Net Income TTM
$-23M
$-23M
·
$-22M
$-21M
$-20M
·
$-21M
$-14M
$-23M
·
$-37M
$-39M
$-27M
·
$-9M
P/E
-0.1
-0.0
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Earnings Yield
-1621.0%
-2147.4%
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Payout Ratio
·
·
·
·
·
-24.3%
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Annual Payout
$2M
$2M
·
$2M
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
최신 기간은 왼쪽에 · null 값은 ·로 표시
재무제표
손익계산서, 대차대조표, 현금흐름 — 연간, 지난 5년
16
지표
2025-12-31
2024-12-31
2023-12-31
2022-12-31
2021-12-31
매출
$241.0K
$225.0K
$316.0K
$237.0K
·
영업이익률 %
·
-8558.2%
-5813.6%
·
·
순이익
$-24M
$-21M
$-30M
$-16M
$-251.6K
희석 EPS
$-1.23
$-1.49
$-2.54
$-1.57
·
지표
2025-12-31
2024-12-31
2023-12-31
2022-12-31
2021-12-31
유동비율
·
1.2
1.0
0.0
0.3
당좌 비율
·
0.7
0.6
0.0
0.1
지표
2025-12-31
2024-12-31
2023-12-31
2022-12-31
2021-12-31
잉여현금흐름
·
$-19M
$-18M
·
·
기관 투자자 (13F)
37개의 제출자
· $362K 전체
· 기준일 2026년 6월 30일
17
분기별 SEC 양식 13F에서 이 주식을 보유하고 있다고 보고하는 기관. 롱 포지션만 해당하며, 단일 제출자는 별도의 옵션 레그에 대해 두 번 나타날 수 있습니다. 대규모 상쇄 풋/콜 포지션은 일반적으로 방향성에 대한 확신보다는 시장 조성 또는 헤지된 재고를 반영합니다.
보유자37
보유 가치$362K
신규 포지션0
청산 포지션1
기관 활동 — Q2 2026 대 이전 분기
신규 포지션
청산 포지션
증가함
감소
순주식 변동
0 (-2 이전 분기 대비)
1 (-1 이전 분기 대비)
1 (0 이전 분기 대비)
2 (-3 이전 분기 대비)
+127K
Q1 2026 대비 비교. SEC 양식 13F 제출은 분기 말로부터 45일 이내에 마감되며, 지연 제출자를 위한 짧은 유예 기간이 추가됩니다. 해당 기간 내에 있는 분기는 가장 최근에 완전히 보고된 쌍을 선호하여 건너뜁니다.
Purpose is an automated classification of the filer's own stated purpose (SEC Item 4) — not investment advice. "—" means no clear purpose was stated or the text could not be classified.